Examines the dynamics between Renaissance voice, sound, and the body. Navigates the intersections between literary and performance histories. Studies the crossroads of personal and collective identity, issues of gender relations, factors of agency and exclusion, and the instruments of power that govern vocal expression. Readings and listenings include works by Homer, Ovid, Sappho, Petrarch, Costa, Monteverdi, Behn, Lope de Vega, Corneille, and others. Thematic units featured: voice in theory, the autobiographical pen, the political chorus, and performing the resilient body. Questions discussed: Who is allowed a voice? What do voices measure? What voices get heard? And who listens?